Flying-machine.



P. T. MOODY.

FLYING MACHINE.

APILIOATION FILED HABJB, 1911.

Patented July 4, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

V which is mountcd at itsextreinity on a wheel I arranged .th

UNITED STATES. PATENT. OFFICE.

r nns'ron TU'GMAN moon, or ILAc'RossE, wasnmeron.

rmmm m.

' citizen of theUnited States, residing at- Lacrosse, in the county of \Vhitnian and State of lVasl'iington, have invented certain new and useful lmprovcniei'its in Flying-Machines,.ot' which the following is a specificaof the aeroplane type, and it has for its object to provide novel and-improved automatically operating means for maintaining 'the transverse equilibrium vof the machine; and tothisend the invention consists in a novel arrangement of planes, together with a connectiontherebctween whereby one of theplanes iswarped' if the other plane is tilted, upwardly by the varying conditions of wind pressure, said planes being hinged to the main frame of the machine so that tion. 1

.theym'ay swing bodily in a vertical direc-' In ordcrthatthe invention may be better understood, .i'efere'nce is bad to the accompanying-drawings forming apart, of this specification, in whichl t Figure l is a front elevation of the 1n a chine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof with one of the planes removed, and Figs.

'3 and t. are diagrammatic views showing theplanesiin different positions and illustrating the warping action. i

Referring specifically to the drawings, 5 denotes the. main frame of the machine, said frame being mounted on a pair of wheels 6, and carrying superposed planes "1', and below the latter,- .the motor 8, the drivers seat 9, andthe' various controlling devices to be hereina-tter described.

The nainflfranie has a rear extension ll) 11, andcarries'a vertical rudder 12 which .operativelyeonnected to a steering wheel 13 carried-by the main frame, close .to the driver s seat ,l ln front.- of the main frame is seal head plane lt for adjusting the fore a'udaftjinclination ot the machine,Esaidplane being operatively connectemploying. manualimeans or a starting inclme,p ower sapplled to the wheels (3 from ed in. a-s i'tableinanner. to a controlling lever 1 i r. the driycrs seat. InJordert vthe machine 'may be started from ,a'fstateloi rest on the ground without the inotor'S, by means of the sprocket-andchain gearing 16 between the axle 17 ofsaid Specification of Iitt rs'fatentz,

I wheels and theshaftl'S of the'motor, said wheels thus serving as traction wheels-to propel the machine when on the ground. A suitable clutch mechanism will beprovided for disconnecting the traction wheels after the machine leavesthe ground. Y

The means for propelling 'the'machine in the air are screw propellers 19 carried by the main frame, and-located, respectively,

fore and aftbelow the upper one of the superposed'planes 7. The propellers are driven by the motor 8 through a sprocket- "Patente'dJuly' t,1911. Application filed l tiarch Is, 1911. sjeriainaemgsds.

and-chain gearing 2O connecting 'the motor shaft 18 to the propeller shaft 21, said shaft being common to both propellers. The main frame also carries superposed main sustaining planes, these planes'being located on both sides of the machine. "The upper and lower planes on one sideare indicated at 22 and 23, "respectively, and the correspending planes on the other side at- 24 and 25, respectively. These planes are connect.

"ed at their inner'endsto the main frame by a suitable hinge connection 26 so that they may swing bodily in avertical plane, and they are connectedto the main frame at such points as to form eontinuations of the planes 7. i t

In order to automatically 'maintain the transverse equilibrium of the machine, means are provided wherebythe upward.

tilt of one of the planes results in a warping oi? the other plane, which means will now be described: To the front edge of the plane "23, near its outer end, is made fast one end of a cable .47 from"whichpoint the cable extends downwardly to the main frame, and passes over a pulley 28 carried thereby near its bottom, on the same side as the plane 23. From this pulley the cable extends upwardly. to a pulley 29 located onthe same side oif the main frame, near the top. thereof, and from the last'anentioncd- 'iulley the '.cable"extrnds acres the main i'ramc. and passes over a pulley 30 on the oppositeside thereof. 'from which last-mentioned pulley'the cable extends downwardly to and-is made-fast to the front edge of the' plane 25 near itsouter end. Th s cable pro.-'

rides a connection between thc'planes '23 and .25, the' purpose of which will presently ben a'de clear. The planes 23 and are also connected by a cable 31 which is connested at its ends to the rear edges the-root, near their outer ends. This cable extends downwardly from the plane 23 toa pulley 82 carried-by the main' frame at the rear lower portion thereof, on the same side as the plane 23, and from this pulley it extends across the mainframe to a pulley 33 on the.

other; ide thereof, and thence passes upwardly to the plane The purpose of these connections between the planes is to warp one of the-planes if the other plane, is

. tilted upwardly, the connection herein described resultingin awarping of thc'plane 25 if the plane 23 tilts upwardly. In order that the lane 23' may also be warped in case the p ane 25is' tilted, a connection similar to the one 27 herein described, but arranged in an opposite manner, is provided;

The operation is as follows: When a sudden gust of wind strikes the plane 23 it is swung upwardly as shown in Fig- 4, the

hingeconnection between said plane and the main frame permitting this upward swing. This tends to unbalance the maehine, and the side carrying the plane 23 has a tendency to rise, and the side -carrying the other plane,-to sink. I By the u ward tilt or swing of the plane 23, the cab e 27-is pulled, and

as it is attached to the plane 25 at the front edge of thelatt'er, near. its outer end, the

outer front portion of the plane 25 is elevated. The cable 31 is also pulled and by reason of its connection to the plane 25 at the rear edge thereof, near its outer end, the outer rear portion of the plane is lowered. The plane is therefore warped or given a helical twist, it assuming the position'shown in Fig. i. In this new position ofthe plane its front or entering edge presents a larger angle of incidence to the resisting air,

. in View of which-the plane will tend to lift or climb up, and thus restore the transverse balance of the machine. If the plane 25 1S tilted upwardly, the plane 23 is warped. It will be understood, of course, that the planes havesuiticient flexibility to permit the here in described'warping action, and the upper and lower planes are connected atthrir -outer ends by rigid rods 34, so that both planes are warped together.

' Carried by each lower main plane,at a oint between their inner and outer ends, an extending from the front to the rear, is a cross bar 35 having, ,midwaybetween. its ends, an eye 36 through which passes'a' rod 37 which is pivoted at its lowerend, as indicated at 38, to the bottom portion of the mainframe 5. The rod also passes through an opening in-the lower plane, and has at its upper end, above thdcross bar,an abutment 39 to limit the upward swing ofsaid. plane. Belowthe cross'bar, the rod has an abutment 40 be tween which and the cross bar is'located a. spring 41 which is coiled around the rod.

The last-mentioned abutment and spring.

limit the downward swing of the plane, and prevent the same'from swinging down far enough to allow the rod to push through the upper .fr'ame,- planes hinged to the sides of the "extending downwardly to the main .--and thence across said mainframe, and u plane. v The rod also serves to prevent the plane from droppin down to the ground when the machine alig ts. 1 I claim: a 1. A flying machine comprising a. main frame, planes hinged to the sides thereof to swing bodily and vertically, and means for warping the plane on-one side, ofthe machine when the plane onthe other side is.-

of windpressure. 1 1L, 2. A flying machine. comprislng anmai swung upwardly by the varyin cqp diti i frame, planes. hinged to the sides-theroftto sa. I

swing bodily and vertically,; m eans. ,fon; warping the lane on-one side of the ma-a chine when t e plane'onthe otherusideaisi swung upwardly by I the varyingieonditions of the wlnd pressure, the main frame and aforesaid planes.

A flying machine comprisinga main and planes; carried by located betweeni'the frame, planes hinged to the sides thereof to swing bodily and vertically, and automatically operatln means for warpling the plane on one side 0 the machine w en the planeon the other side is swung upwardlyby the varying conditions of wind pressure.

4. A flying machine comprising a main frame, planes hinged to the sides thereofto swing bodily and vertically, and connections between said planes to warp one when the other is tiltedupwardlyby varying conditions of wind pressure.

5. A flying machine. comprising a main frame, planes hinged to the sides thereof nections downwardly from one oftlie planes and upwardly'tothe other plane, and aides lanes. I

me. comprisin for extending the rear connections ownwardly from both 7. A flying mac a main.

ereof to swing bodily and vertically, connections be-g tweenlthe front portions of the lanesQsaid connections extendingdownwar y'from one upwar lyand across said-main frame and downwardly to the other plane, and connec- (planes to the main frame, and thence tions between the rear portions of the lanes am'e,

wardly to'the other plane.

- 8. A. flying machine :ompi'isinga main.

996,659 g Y Y 8 frame, planes hinged to the sides thereof to the cross bars, and springs between the cross 10 swing bodily and'vertically, means for warpbars and the abutlnents below the same.

ing the plane on one side of the machine In testimony whereof I affix my signature when the plane on the other side is swung in presence oftwo Witnesses.

" upwardly by the varying conditionsof wind pressure, cross, bars carried by the PRESTON TUGMAN MOODY planes and having eyes, rods hinged to the Witnesses: main frame and passing through the eyes, E. C. MOODY,

abutments 0n the rods on opposite sides of I RAY CLARK. 

